Diet jaman batu baik untuk penderita gangguan toleransi glukosa

Penelitian diet untuk penderita diabetes selama ini terfokus pada asupan lemak, karbohidrat, dan serat.

Dalam penelitian ini, para ahli dari Swedia membandingkan diet Palaeolithic (diet jaman batu) terhadap diet Mediterranea -yang dianggap baik untuk penderita diabetes.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah 12 minggu penurunan kadar gula darah pada kelompok diet P lebih besar dibanding diet M. Penurunan lingkar pinggang kelompok diet P juga lebih besar dibanding kelompok diet M.

Disimpulkan bahwa diet jaman batu lebih unggul dalam hal memperbaiki toleransi glukosa untuk penderita diabetes tipe 2 dan gangguan toleransi glukosa.

Diabetologia Volume 50, Number 9 / September, 2007 (10.1007/s00125-007-0716-y) © Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
A Palaeolithic diet improves glucose tolerance more than a Mediterranean-like diet in individuals with ischaemic heart disease,

S. Lindeberg , T. Jönsson, Y. Granfeldt, E. Borgstrand, J. Soffman, K. Sjöström and B. Ahrén.

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis Most studies of diet in glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes have focused on intakes of fat, carbohydrate, fibre, fruits and vegetables. Instead, we aimed to compare diets that were available during human evolution with more recently introduced ones.

Methods Twenty-nine patients with ischaemic heart disease plus either glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes were randomised to receive (1) a Palaeolithic ('Old Stone Age') diet (n=14), based on lean meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, root vegetables, eggs and nuts; or (2) a Consensus (Mediterranean-like) diet (n=15), based on whole grains, low-fat dairy products, vegetables, fruits, fish, oils and margarines. Primary outcome variables were changes in weight, waist circumference and plasma glucose AUC (AUC Glucose_0–120) and plasma insulin AUC (AUC Insulin_0–120) in OGTTs.

Results Over 12 weeks, there was a 26% decrease of AUC Glucose_0–120 (p=0.0001) in the Palaeolithic group and a 7% decrease (p=0.08) in the Consensus group. The larger (p=0.001) improvement in the Palaeolithic group was independent (p=0.0008) of change in waist circumference (−5.6 cm in the Palaeolithic group, −2.9 cm in the Consensus group; p=0.03). In the study population as a whole, there was no relationship between change in AUC Glucose_0–120 and changes in weight (r=−0.06, p=0.9) or waist circumference (r=0.01, p=1.0). There was a tendency for a larger decrease of AUC Insulin_0–120 in the Palaeolithic group, but because of the strong association between change in AUC Insulin_0–120 and change in waist circumference (r=0.64, p=0.0003), this did not remain after multivariate analysis.

Conclusions/interpretation A Palaeolithic diet may improve glucose tolerance independently of decreased waist circumference.

Apakah kopi menyebabkan hipertensi?

Kita sering mendengar anjuran agar jangan minum kopi menyebabkan darah tinggi.

 

Betulkah pendapat tersebut?

 

Selama ini penelitian tentang hubungan minum kopi dan hipertensi tidak dapat menyimpulkan secara tegas.

 

Penelitian terbaru ini meneliti hubungan minum kopi dengan pemberian obat antihipertensi.

 

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsumsi >1 cangkir kopi perhari berhubungan dengan terapi antihipertensi. Namun konsumsi 8 cangkir kopi perhari tidak berhubungan dengan terapi antihipertensi.

 

Dengan demikian hubungan kopi dan hipertensi tetap belum jelas.

 

Coffee consumption and the incidence of antihypertensive drug treatment in Finnish men and women

 

Am J Clin Nutr August 2007;86:457-464. © American Society for Nutrition
Coffee consumption and the incidence of antihypertensive drug treatment in Finnish men and women, Gang Hu, Pekka Jousilahti, Aulikki Nissinen, Siamak Bidel, Riitta Antikainen and Jaakko Tuomilehto

 

Background: Only 2 prospective studies have previously investigated the association between coffee consumption and incident hypertension, and the findings are equivocal.

Objective: The objective was to determine the relation between coffee consumption and the incidence of antihypertensive drug treatment.

Design: We prospectively followed 24 710 Finnish subjects aged 25-64 y without a history of antihypertensive drug treatment, coronary heart disease, or stroke at baseline. Daily coffee consumption was assessed by questionnaires.

Results: During a mean follow-up period of 13.2 y, 2505 participants started antihypertensive drug treatment. The multivariate-adjusted (age, sex, study year, education, leisure-time physical activity, smoking, body mass index, high total cholesterol, history of diabetes, and alcohol, tea, fruit, vegetable, sausage, and bread consumption) hazard ratios for antihypertensive drug treatment associated with the amount of coffee consumed daily (0-1, 2-3, 4-5, 6-7, or 8 cups) were 1.00, 1.29 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.54), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.49), 1.24 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.48), and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.37) (P for trend = 0.024), respectively. This trend became marginally significant after additional adjustment for baseline systolic blood pressure (P for trend = 0.077).

Conclusions: The results indicate that coffee drinking seems to increase the risk of antihypertensive drug treatment, and this risk was higher in subjects with low-to-moderate coffee intakes; however, there was no significantly increased trend in drinkers of 1 cup (100 mL)/d or 8 cups/d.

Buah dan sayuran mencegah asma dan alergi

Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa diet kaya buah2an, sayuran dan kacang2an (banyak terkandung dalam menu tradisional diet Mediterrania) pada anak2 dapat mengurangi gejala asma dan rhinitis.

 

 

 

Thorax 2007;62:677-683 August 2007. © 2007 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Thoracic Society.
Protective effect of fruits, vegetables and the Mediterranean diet on asthma and allergies among children in Crete.  Leda Chatzi, Gianna Apostolaki, Ioannis Bibakis, Isabel Skypala, Vasilki Bibaki-Liakou, Nikolaos Tzanakis, Manolis Kogevinas and Paul Cullinan.

Background: Atopy is not uncommon among children living in rural Crete, but wheeze and rhinitis are rare. A study was undertaken to examine whether this discrepancy could be attributed to a high consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables or adherence to a traditional Mediterranean diet.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed in 690 children aged 7–18 years in rural Crete. Parents completed a questionnaire on their child's respiratory and allergic symptoms and a 58-item food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet was measured using a scale with 12 dietary items. Children underwent skin prick tests with 10 common aeroallergens.

Results: 80% of children ate fresh fruit (and 68% vegetables) at least twice a day. The intake of grapes, oranges, apples, and fresh tomatoes—the main local products in Crete—had no association with atopy but was protective for wheezing and rhinitis. A high consumption of nuts was found to be inversely associated with wheezing (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.98), whereas margarine increased the risk of both wheeze (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.01 to 4.82) and allergic rhinitis (OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.31 to 3.37). A high level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was protective for allergic rhinitis (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.64) while a more modest protection was observed for wheezing and atopy.

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a beneficial effect of commonly consumed fruits, vegetables and nuts, and of a high adherence to a traditional Mediterranean diet during childhood on symptoms of asthma and rhinitis. Diet may explain the relative lack of allergic symptoms in this population.